Oracle Useful Information

Initialisation Parameter List and Descriptons

Updated : 2-April-2003
Version : 2.0

Description

This is an alpabetical list of the initora parameters and a short description of each. This was run against an Oracle 9.2 database with the following script.

select  nam.ksppinm                             name,
        nam.ksppdesc                            description
from    x$ksppi         nam,
        x$ksppsv        val
where nam.indx = val.indx
order by 1
/

Parameters

NAME DESCRIPTION

O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY Version 7 Dictionary Accessibility Support

_NUMA_instance_mapping Set of nodes that this instance should run on

_NUMA_pool_size aggregate size in bytes of NUMA pool

_PX_use_large_pool Use Large Pool as source of PX buffers

_abort_recovery_on_join if TRUE, abort recovery on join reconfigurations

_active_standby_fast_reconfiguration if TRUE optimize dlm reconfiguration for active/standby OPS

_adaptive_direct_read Adaptive Direct Read

_adaptive_fetch_enabled enable/disable adaptive fetch in parallel group by

_affinity_on enable/disable affinity at run time

_all_shared_dblinks treat all dblinks as shared

_allocate_creation_order should files be examined in creation order during allocation

_allocation_update_interval interval at which successful search in L1 should be updated

_allow_error_simulation Allow error simulation for testing

_allow_read_only_corruption allow read-only open even if database is corrupt

_allow_resetlogs_corruption allow resetlogs even if it will cause corruption

_allow_terminal_recovery_corruption Finish terminal recovery even if it may cause corruption

_always_anti_join always use this method for anti-join when possible

_always_semi_join always use this method for semi-join when possible

_always_star_transformation always favor use of star transformation

_app_ctx_vers enable app ctx versioning

_aq_tm_scanlimit scan limit for Time Managers to clean up IOT

_arch_io_slaves ARCH I/O slaves

_async_recovery_claims if TRUE, issue recovery claims asynchronously (DFS)

_async_recovery_reads if TRUE, issue recovery reads asynchronously (DFS)

_avoid_prepare if TRUE, do not prepare a buffer when the master is local (DFS)

_b_tree_bitmap_plans enable the use of bitmap plans for tables w. only B-tree indexes

_backup_disk_io_slaves BACKUP Disk I/O slaves

_backup_io_pool_size memory to reserve from the large pool

_bitmap_or_improvement_enabled controls extensions to partition pruning for general predicates

_bump_highwater_mark_count how many blocks should we allocate per free list on advancing HW

_bwr_for_flushed_pi if TRUE, generate a BWR for a flushed PI (DFS)

_cgs_send_timeout CGS send timeout value

_check_block_after_checksum perform block check after checksum if both are turned on

_cleanup_rollback_entries no. of undo entries to apply per transaction cleanup

_close_cached_open_cursors close cursors cached by PL/SQL at each commit

_collect_undo_stats Collect Statistics v$undostat

_column_elimination_off turn off predicate-only column elimination

_column_tracking_level column usage tracking

_compatible_no_recovery Database will be compatible unless crash or media recovery is ne

_complex_view_merging enable complex view merging

_controlfile_enqueue_timeout control file enqueue timeout in seconds

_corrupted_rollback_segments corrupted undo segment list

_cost_equality_semi_join enables costing of equality semi-join

_cpu_count current number of cpu's for this instance

_cpu_to_io divisor for converting CPU cost to I/O cost

_cr_grant_global_role if TRUE, grant lock for CR requests when block is in global role

_cr_grant_local_role if TRUE, grant lock for CR using 3way ping when block in local r

_cr_server_log_flush if TRUE, flush redo log before serving a CR buffer (DFS)

_cursor_db_buffers_pinned additional number of buffers a cursor can pin at once

_cursor_plan_enabled enable collection and display of cursor plans

_db_aging_cool_count Touch count set when buffer cooled

_db_aging_freeze_cr Make CR buffers always be too cold to keep in cache

_db_aging_hot_criteria Touch count which sends a buffer to head of replacement list

_db_aging_stay_count Touch count set when buffer moved to head of replacement list

_db_aging_touch_time Touch count which sends a buffer to head of replacement list

_db_always_check_system_ts Always perform block check and checksum for System tablespace

_db_block_buffers Number of database blocks cached in memory: hidden parameter

_db_block_cache_clone Always clone data blocks on get (for debugging)

_db_block_cache_num_umap number of unmapped buffers (for tracking swap calls on blocks)

_db_block_cache_protect protect database blocks (true only when debugging)

_db_block_check_for_debug Check more and dump block before image for debugging

_db_block_granule_interval number of lru latches

_db_block_hash_buckets Number of database block hash buckets

_db_block_hash_latches Number of database block hash latches

_db_block_hi_priority_batch_size Fraction of writes for high priority reasons

_db_block_lru_latches number of lru latches

_db_block_max_cr_dba Maximum Allowed Number of CR buffers per dba

_db_block_max_dirty_target Upper bound on modified buffers/recovery reads

_db_block_max_scan_pct Percentage of buffers to inspect when looking for free

_db_block_med_priority_batch_size Fraction of writes for medium priority reasons

_db_block_numa Number of NUMA nodes

_db_block_prefetch_quota Prefetch quota as a percent of cache size

_db_block_trace_protect trace buffer protect calls

_db_cache_advice_batch_size cache advisory simulation batch size

_db_cache_advice_sample_factor cache advisory sampling factor

_db_file_direct_io_count Sequential I/O buf size

_db_file_noncontig_mblock_read_count number of noncontiguous db blocks to be prefetched

_db_handles System-wide simultaneous buffer operations

_db_handles_cached Buffer handles cached each process

_db_large_dirty_queue Number of buffers which force dirty queue to be written

_db_mttr_advice MTTR advisory

_db_mttr_partitions number of partitions for MTTR advisory

_db_mttr_sample_factor MTTR simulation sampling factor

_db_mttr_sim_target MTTR simulation targets

_db_mttr_sim_trace_size MTTR simulation trace size

_db_mttr_trace_to_alert dump trace entries to alert file

_db_percent_hot_default Percent of default buffer pool considered hot

_db_percent_hot_keep Percent of keep buffer pool considered hot

_db_percent_hot_recycle Percent of recycle buffer pool considered hot

_db_writer_chunk_writes Number of writes DBWR should wait for

_db_writer_histogram_statistics maintain dbwr histogram statistics in x$kcbbhs

_db_writer_max_writes Max number of outstanding DB Writer IOs

_db_writer_scan_depth_pct Percentage of LRU buffers for dbwr to scan when looking for dirt

_dbg_proc_startup debug process startup

_dbwr_async_io Enable dbwriter asynchronous writes

_dbwr_scan_interval dbwriter scan interval

_dbwr_tracing Enable dbwriter tracing

_default_non_equality_sel_check sanity check on default selectivity for like/range predicate

_defer_multiple_waiters if TRUE, defer down converts when there were waiters (DFS)

_diag_daemon start DIAG daemon

_disable_file_locks disable file locks for control, data, redo log files

_disable_incremental_checkpoints Disable incremental checkpoints for thread recovery

_disable_kcbhxor_osd disable kcbh(c)xor OSD functionality

_disable_latch_free_SCN_writes_via_32cas disable latch-free SCN writes using 32-bit compare & swap

_disable_latch_free_SCN_writes_via_64cas disable latch-free SCN writes using 64-bit compare & swap

_disable_logging Disable logging

_disable_multiple_block_sizes disable multiple block size support (for debugging)

_disable_ntlog_events Disable logging to NT event log

_disable_odm disable odm feature

_disable_recoverable_recovery Disable the new recoverable recovery mechanism

_disable_system_state disable system state dump

_discrete_transactions_enabled enable OLTP mode

_dispatcher_rate_scale scale to display rate statistic (100ths of a second)

_dispatcher_rate_ttl time-to-live for rate statistic (100ths of a second)

_distributed_recovery_connection_hold_time number of seconds RECO holds outbound connections open

_dlmtrace Trace string of lock types(s)

_domain_index_batch_size maximum number of rows from one call to domain index fetch routi

_domain_index_dml_batch_size maximum number of rows for one call to domain index dml routines

_dss_cache_flush enable full cache flush for parallel execution

_dump_MTTR_to_trace Dump High Availability MTTR infromation to CKPT trace file

_dump_system_state_scope scope of sysstate dump during instance termination

_dynamic_rls_policies rls policies are dynamic

_dynamic_stats_threshold delay threshold (in seconds) between sending statistics messages

_eliminate_common_subexpr enables elimination of common sub-expressions

_enable_NUMA_optimization Enable NUMA specific optimizations

_enable_block_level_transaction_recovery enable block level recovery

_enable_cscn_caching enable commit SCN caching for all transactions

_enable_default_affinity to enable default implementation of affinity osds

_enable_kgh_policy temporary to disable/enable kgh policy

_enable_list_io Enable List I/O

_enable_multitable_sampling enable multitable sampling

_enable_type_dep_selectivity enable type dependent selectivity estimates

_enqueue_debug_multi_instance debug enqueue multi instance

_enqueue_hash enqueue hash table length

_enqueue_hash_chain_latches enqueue hash chain latches

_enqueue_locks locks for managed enqueues

_explain_rewrite_mode allow additional messages to be generated during explain rewrite

_fairness_threshold number of times to CR serve before downgrading lock (DFS)

_fast_full_scan_enabled enable/disable index fast full scan

_fifth_spare_parameter fifth spare parameter - string

_first_spare_parameter first spare parameter - integer

_force_datefold_trunc force use of trunc for datefolding rewrite

_force_temptables_for_gsets executes concatenation of rollups using temp tables

_fourth_spare_parameter fourth spare parameter - string

_full_pwise_join_enabled enable full partition-wise join when TRUE

_gby_onekey_enabled enable use of one comparison of all group by keys

_gc_defer_time how long to defer down converts for hot buffers (DFS)

_gc_integrity_checks if TRUE, enable expensive integrity checks (DFS)

_gc_latches number of latches per LMS process (DFS)

_gcs_fast_reconfig if TRUE, enable fast reconfiguration for gcs locks

_gcs_latches number of gcs resource hash latches to be allocated

_gcs_resources number of gcs resources to be allocated

_generalized_pruning_enabled controls extensions to partition pruning for general predicates

_groupby_nopushdown_cut_ratio groupby nopushdown cut ratio

_groupby_orderby_combine groupby/orderby don't combine threshold

_gs_anti_semi_join_allowed enable anti/semi join for the GS query

_hard_protection if TRUE enable H.A.R.D specific format changes

_hash_multiblock_io_count number of blocks hash join will read/write at once

_high_server_threshold high server thresholds

_idl_conventional_index_maintenance enable conventional index maintenance for insert direct load

_ignore_desc_in_index ignore DESC in indexes, sort those columns ascending anyhow

_improved_outerjoin_card improved outer-join cardinality calculation

_improved_row_length_enabled enable the improvements for computing the average row length

_imr_active Activate Instance Membership Recovery feature

_imr_max_reconfig_delay Maximum Reconfiguration delay (seconds)

_imr_splitbrain_res_wait Maximum wait for split-brain resolution (seconds)

_index_join_enabled enable the use of index joins

_index_prefetch_factor index prefetching factor

_init_sql_file File containing SQL statements to execute upon database creation

_insert_enable_hwm_brokered during parallel inserts high water marks are brokered

_inst_locking_period period an instance can retain a newly acquired level1 bitmap

_instance_type type of instance to be executed

_interconnect_checksum if TRUE, checksum interconnect blocks (DFS)

_intrapart_pdml_enabled Enable intra-partition updates/deletes

_io_slaves_disabled Do not use I/O slaves

_ioslave_batch_count Per attempt IOs picked

_ioslave_issue_count IOs issued before completion check

_job_queue_interval Wakeup interval in seconds for job queue co-ordinator

_kcl_commit if TRUE, call kjbcommit (DFS)

_kcl_conservative_log_flush if TRUE, conservatively log flush before CR serving (DFS)

_kcl_debug if TRUE, record le history (DFS)

_kcl_index_split if TRUE, reject pings on blocks in middle of a split (DFS)

_kcl_local_file_time how often to check for local files (DFS)

_kcl_name_table_latches number of name table latches (DFS)

_kcl_recovery_read_batch recovery read batch size (DFS)

_kcl_undo_grouping grouping for undo block locks (DFS)

_kcl_undo_locks number of locks per undo segment (DFS)

_kcl_use_cr if TRUE, use Fusion CR buffers (DFS)

_kdbl_enable_post_allocation allocate dbas after populating data buffers

_keep_recovery_buffers if TRUE, make recovery buffers current (DFS)

_keep_remote_column_size remote column size does not get modified

_kghdsidx_count max kghdsidx count

_kgl_bucket_count index to the bucket count array

_kgl_latch_count number of library cache latches

_kgl_multi_instance_invalidation whether KGL to support multi-instance invalidations

_kgl_multi_instance_lock whether KGL to support multi-instance locks

_kgl_multi_instance_pin whether KGL to support multi-instance pins

_kglsim_maxmem_percent max percentage of shared pool size to be used for KGL advice

_kkfi_trace trace expression substitution

_kolfuseslf allow kolf to use slffopen

_ksdxw_cini_flg ksdxw context initialization flag

_ksdxw_nbufs ksdxw number of buffers in buffered mode

_ksdxw_num_pgw number of watchpoints on a per-process basis

_ksdxw_num_sgw number of watchpoints to be shared by all processes

_ksdxw_stack_depth number of PCs to collect in the stack when watchpoint is hit

_ksi_trace KSI trace string of lock type(s)

_ksmg_granule_locking_status granule locking status

_ksmg_granule_size granule size in bytes

_ksu_diag_kill_time number of seconds ksuitm waits before killing diag

_ktc_latches number of ktc latches

_ktu_latches number of KTU latches

_large_pool_min_alloc minimum allocation size in bytes for the large allocation pool

_last_allocation_period period over which an instance can retain an active level1 bitmap

_latch_class_0 latch class 0

_latch_class_1 latch class 1

_latch_class_2 latch class 2

_latch_class_3 latch class 3

_latch_class_4 latch class 4

_latch_class_5 latch class 5

_latch_class_6 latch class 6

_latch_class_7 latch class 7

_latch_classes latch classes override

_latch_miss_stat_sid Sid of process for which to collect latch stats

_latch_recovery_alignment align latch recovery structures

_ldr_io_size size of write IOs used during a load operation

_left_nested_loops_random enable random distribution method for left of nestedloops

_lgwr_async_io LGWR Asynchronous IO enabling boolean flag

_lgwr_delay_write LGWR write delay for debugging

_lgwr_io_slaves LGWR I/O slaves

_lgwr_max_ns_wt Maximum wait time for lgwr to allow NetServer to progress

_lgwr_ns_nl_max Variable to simulate network latency

_lgwr_ns_nl_min Variable to simulate network latency

_lgwr_ns_sim_err Variable to simulate errors lgwrns

_library_cache_advice whether KGL advice should be turned on

_like_with_bind_as_equality treat LIKE predicate with bind as an equality predicate

_lm_activate_lms_threshold threshold value to activate an additional lms

_lm_cache_lvl0_cleanup how often to cleanup level 0 cache res (in sec)

_lm_cache_res_cleanup percentage of cached resources should be cleanup

_lm_cache_res_type cache resource: string of lock types(s)

_lm_dd_interval dd time interval in seconds

_lm_direct_sends Processes which will do direct sends

_lm_drm_window dynamic remastering bucket window size

_lm_dynamic_lms dynamic lms invocation

_lm_dynamic_load dynamic load adjustment

_lm_dynamic_remastering if TRUE enables dynamic remastering

_lm_enq_lock_freelist Number of ges enqueue element freelist

_lm_enq_rcfg if TRUE enables enqueue reconfiguration

_lm_enqeue_freelist Number of enqueue freelist

_lm_file_affinity mapping between file id and master instance number

_lm_lmd_waittime default wait time for lmd

_lm_lms number of background global cache server processes to start

_lm_lms_waittime default wait time for lms

_lm_locks number of enqueues configured for cluster database

_lm_master_weight master resource weight for this instance

_lm_max_lms max. number of background global cache server processes

_lm_min_lms min. number of background global cache server processes

_lm_msg_batch_size GES batch message size

_lm_msg_cache_thresholds GES message buffer caching threshold

_lm_msg_cleanup_interval GES message buffer cleanup interval time

_lm_node_join_opt cluster database node join optimization in reconfig

_lm_non_fault_tolerant disable cluster database fault-tolerance mode

_lm_num_pcmhv_latches number of latches covering the PCM HV buckets in cgs

_lm_proc_freeze_timeout reconfiguration: process freeze timeout

_lm_process_batching GES implicit process batching for IPC messages

_lm_procs number of client processes configured for cluster database

_lm_rcfg_timeout Reconfiguration timeout

_lm_rcv_buffer_size the size of receive buffer

_lm_res_hash_bucket number of resource hash buckets

_lm_res_part number of resource partition configured for gcs

_lm_ress number of resources configured for cluster database

_lm_send_buffers number of cluster database send buffers

_lm_send_queue_batching GES send queue message batching

_lm_send_queue_length GES send queue maximum length

_lm_share_lock_opt if TRUE enables share lock optimization

_lm_sq_batch_factor GES send queue minimum batching factor

_lm_sync_timeout Synchronization timeout for DLM reconfiguration steps

_lm_ticket_active_sendback Flow control ticket active sendback threshold

_lm_tickets GES messaging tickets

_lm_tx_delta TX lock localization delta

_lm_validate_resource_type if TRUE enables resource name validation

_lm_xids number of transaction IDs configured for cluster database

_load_without_compile Load PL/SQL or Database objects without compilation

_local_communication_costing_enabled enable local communication costing when TRUE

_local_communication_ratio set the ratio between global and local communication (0..100)

_lock_sga_areas Lock specified areas of the SGA in physical memory

_log_archive_buffer_size Size of each archival buffer in log file blocks

_log_archive_buffers Number of buffers to allocate for archiving

_log_archive_callout archival callout

_log_archive_delta_sync_wait iterative sleep time in centiseconds seconds when SYNC=PARALLEL

_log_archive_net_timeout maximum network wait time in seconds when SYNC=PARALLEL

_log_blocks_during_backup log block images when changed during backup

_log_buffers_corrupt corrupt redo buffers before write

_log_buffers_debug debug redo buffers (slows things down)

_log_checkpoint_recovery_check # redo blocks to verify after checkpoint

_log_committime_block_cleanout Log commit-time block cleanout

_log_debug_multi_instance debug redo multi instance code

_log_io_size automatically initiate log write if this many redo blocks in buf

_log_simultaneous_copies number of simultaneous copies into redo buffer(# of copy latches

_log_space_errors should we report space errors to alert log

_log_switch_timeout Maximum number of seconds redos in the current log could span

_low_server_threshold low server thresholds

_master_direct_sends direct sends for messages from master (DFS)

_mav_refresh_consistent_read refresh materialized views using consistent read snapshot

_mav_refresh_double_count_prevented materialized view MAV refreshes avoid double counting

_mav_refresh_opt optimizations during refresh of materialized views

_mav_refresh_unionall_tables # tables for union all expansion during materialized view refres

_max_exponential_sleep max sleep during exponential backoff

_max_sleep_holding_latch max time to sleep while holding a latch

_messages message queue resources - dependent on # processes & # buffers

_minimal_stats_aggregation prohibit stats aggregation at compile/partition maintenance time

_minimum_giga_scn Minimum SCN to start with in 2^30 units

_multi_join_key_table_lookup TRUE iff multi-join-key table lookup prefetch is enabled

_mv_refresh_delta_fraction delta mv as fractional percentage of size of mv

_mv_refresh_eut refresh materialized views using EUT(partition)-based algorithm

_mv_refresh_new_setup_disabled materialized view MV refresh new setup disabling

_mv_refresh_selections create materialized views with selections and fast refresh

_mv_refresh_use_stats pass cardinality hints to refresh queries

_nchar_imp_cnv NLS allow Implicit Conversion between CHAR and NCHAR

_ncmb_readahead_enabled enable multi-block readahead for an index scan

_ncmb_readahead_tracing turn on multi-block readahead tracing

_nested_loop_fudge nested loop fudge

_nested_mav_fast_oncommit_enabled nested MAV refresh fast on commit allowed

_new_initial_join_orders enable initial join orders based on new ordering heuristics

_new_sort_cost_estimate enables the use of new cost estimate for sort

_no_objects no object features are used

_no_or_expansion OR expansion during optimization disabled

_ns_max_flush_wt Flush wait time for NetServer to flush oustanding writes

_num_longop_child_latches number of child latches for long op array

_number_cached_attributes maximum number of cached attributes per instance

_object_statistics enable the object level statistics collection

_offline_rollback_segments offline undo segment list

_ogms_home GMS home directory

_olap_aggregate_buffer_size OLAP Aggregate max buffer size

_olap_aggregate_child_fragment_size OLAP Aggregate child fragment size

_olap_aggregate_child_max_size OLAP Aggregate child list max size

_olap_aggregate_function_cache_enabled OLAP Aggregate function cache enabler

_olap_aggregate_function_merge_threshold OLAP Aggregate function merge threshold

_olap_aggregate_max_thread_tuples OLAP Aggregate max thread tuples creation

_olap_aggregate_min_buffer_size OLAP Aggregate min buffer size

_olap_aggregate_min_thread_status OLAP Aggregate minimum cardinality of dimensions for thread

_olap_aggregate_statlen_thresh OLAP Aggregate status array usage threshold

_olap_aggregate_store_probability OLAP Aggregate function storeback probability

_olap_aggregate_work_per_thread OLAP Aggregate max work parents

_olap_aggregate_worklist_max OLAP Aggregate max worklists generated at once

_olap_allocate_errorlog_format OLAP Allocate Errorlog Format

_olap_allocate_errorlog_header OLAP Allocate Errorlog Header format

_olap_continuous_trace_file Specify TRUE to enable continuous OLAP tracing - otherwise only

_olap_dimsave_restore_cache_values OLAP Dimsave restores cached dimension values

_olap_eif_export_lob_size OLAP EIF Export BLOB size

_olap_parallel_update_threshold OLAP parallel update threshold in pages

_olap_poutlog_echo_to_eventlog OLAP POutLog copy output to event log (tracefile)

_old_connect_by_enabled enable/disable old connect by

_omf enable/disable OMF

_oneside_colstat_for_equijoins sanity check on default selectivity for like/range predicate

_open_files_limit Limit on number of files opened by I/O subsystem

_optim_adjust_for_part_skews adjust stats for skews across partitions

_optim_enhance_nnull_detection TRUE to enable index [fast] full scan more often

_optim_new_default_join_sel improves the way default equijoin selectivity are computed

_optim_peek_user_binds enable peeking of user binds

_optimizer_adjust_for_nulls adjust selectivity for null values

_optimizer_choose_permutation force the optimizer to use the specified permutation

_optimizer_cost_model optimizer cost model

_optimizer_degree force the optimizer to use the same degree of parallelism

_optimizer_dyn_smp_blks number of blocks for optimizer dynamic sampling

_optimizer_mode_force force setting of optimizer mode for user recursive SQL also

_optimizer_new_join_card_computation compute join cardinality using non-rounded input values

_optimizer_percent_parallel optimizer percent parallel

_optimizer_search_limit optimizer search limit

_optimizer_system_stats_usage system statistics usage

_optimizer_undo_changes undo changes to query optimizer

_optimizer_undo_cost_change optimizer undo cost change

_or_expand_nvl_predicate enable OR expanded plan for NVL/DECODE predicate

_oracle_trace_events Oracle TRACE event flags

_oracle_trace_facility_version Oracle TRACE facility version

_ordered_nested_loop enable ordered nested loop costing

_ordered_semijoin enable ordered semi-join subquery

_parallel_adaptive_max_users maximum number of users running with default DOP

_parallel_broadcast_enabled enable broadcasting of small inputs to hash and sort merge joins

_parallel_default_max_instances default maximum number of instances for parallel query

_parallel_execution_message_align Alignment of PX buffers to OS page boundary

_parallel_fake_class_pct fake db-scheduler percent used for testing

_parallel_load_bal_unit number of threads to allocate per instance

_parallel_load_balancing parallel execution load balanced slave allocation

_parallel_min_message_pool minimum size of shared pool memory to reserve for pq servers

_parallel_recovery_stopat stop at -position- to step through SMON

_parallel_server_idle_time idle time before parallel query server dies

_parallel_server_sleep_time sleep time between dequeue timeouts (in 1/100ths)

_parallel_txn_global enable parallel_txn hint with updates and deletes

_parallelism_cost_fudge_factor set the parallelism cost fudge factor

_partial_pwise_join_enabled enable partial partition-wise join when TRUE

_passwordfile_enqueue_timeout password file enqueue timeout in seconds

_pcm_shadow_locks number of pcm shadow locks to be allocated

_pct_refresh_double_count_prevented materialized view PCT refreshes avoid double counting

_pdml_gim_sampling control separation of global index maintenance for PDML

_pdml_gim_staggered slaves start on different index when doing index maint

_pdml_slaves_diff_part slaves start on different partition when doing index maint

_pga_max_size Maximum size of the PGA memory for one process

_ping_level fusion ping level (DFS)

_plsql_dump_buffer_events conditions upon which the PL/SQL circular buffer is dumped

_pmon_load_constants server load balancing constants (S,P,D,I,L,C,M)

_pre_rewrite_push_pred push predicates into views before rewrite

_precompute_gid_values precompute gid values and copy them before returning a row

_pred_move_around enables predicate move-around

_predicate_elimination_enabled allow predicate elimination if set to TRUE

_project_view_columns enable projecting out unreferenced columns of a view

_push_join_predicate enable pushing join predicate inside a view

_push_join_union_view enable pushing join predicate inside a union view

_px_async_getgranule asynchronous get granule in the slave

_px_broadcast_fudge_factor set the tq broadcasting fudge factor percentage

_px_dynamic_opt turn off/on restartable qerpx dynamic optimization

_px_dynamic_sample_size num of samples for restartable qerpx dynamic optimization

_px_granule_size default size of a rowid range granule (in KB)

_px_index_sampling parallel query sampling for index create (100000 = 100%)

_px_kxib_tracing turn on kxib tracing

_px_load_publish_interval interval at which LMON will check whether to publish PX load

_px_max_granules_per_slave maximum number of rowid range granules to generate per slave

_px_min_granules_per_slave minimum number of rowid range granules to generate per slave

_px_no_stealing prevent parallel granule stealing in shared nothing environment

_px_trace px trace parameter

_query_cost_rewrite perform the cost based rewrite with materialized views

_query_rewrite_1 perform query rewrite before&after or only before view merging

_query_rewrite_2 perform query rewrite before&after or only after view merging

_query_rewrite_drj mv rewrite and drop redundant joins

_query_rewrite_expression rewrite with cannonical form for expressions

_query_rewrite_fpc mv rewrite fresh partition containment

_query_rewrite_fudge cost based query rewrite with MVs fudge factor

_query_rewrite_jgmigrate mv rewrite with jg migration

_query_rewrite_maxdisjunct query rewrite max disjuncts

_query_rewrite_or_error allow query rewrite, if referenced tables are not dataless

_query_rewrite_vop_cleanup prune frocol chain before rewrite after view-merging

_realfree_heap_free_threshold threshold for performing real-free, in Kbytes

_realfree_heap_max_size minimum max total heap size, in Kbytes

_realfree_heap_mode mode flags for real-free heap

_recovery_asserts if TRUE, enable expensive recovery sanity checks (DFS)

_recovery_claim_batch_size number of messages to batch in a recovery claim message (DFS)

_recovery_percentage recovery buffer cache percentage

_release_insert_threshold maximum number of unusable blocks to unlink from freelist

_reliable_block_sends if TRUE, block sends across interconnect are reliable

_reuse_index_loop number of blocks being examine for index block reuse

_rollback_segment_count number of undo segments

_rollback_segment_initial starting undo segment number

_row_cache_cursors number of cached cursors for row cache management

_row_cr enable row cr for all sql

_rowsource_execution_statistics if TRUE, Oracle will collect rowsource level statistics

_scn_scheme SCN scheme

_second_spare_parameter second spare parameter - integer

_send_ast_to_foreground if TRUE, send ast message to foreground

_send_close_with_block if TRUE, send close with block even with direct sends

_send_requests_to_PI if TRUE, try to send CR requests to PI buffers (DFS)

_serial_direct_read enable direct read in serial

_session_idle_bit_latches one latch per session or a latch per group of sessions

_seventh_spare_parameter seventh spare parameter - string list

_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc minimum allocation size in bytes for reserved area of shared poo

_shared_pool_reserved_pct percentage memory of the shared pool allocated for the reserved

_shrunk_aggs_disable_threshold percentage of exceptions at which to switch to full length aggs

_shrunk_aggs_enabled enable use of variable sized buffers for non-distinct aggregates

_side_channel_batch_size number of messages to batch in a side channel message (DFS)

_side_channel_batch_timeout timeout before shipping out all the batched side channel message

_single_process run without detached processes

_sixth_spare_parameter sixth spare parameter - string list

_skip_assume_msg if TRUE, skip assume message for consigns at the master

_slave_mapping_enabled enable slave mapping when TRUE

_slave_mapping_group_size force the number of slave group in a slave mapper

_small_table_threshold threshold level of table size for direct reads

_smm_advice_enabled if TRUE, enable v$pga_advice

_smm_advice_log_size overwrites default size of the PGA advice workarea history log

_smm_auto_cost_enabled if TRUE, use the AUTO size policy cost functions

_smm_auto_max_io_size Maximum IO size (in KB) used by sort/hash-join in auto mode

_smm_auto_min_io_size Minimum IO size (in KB) used by sort/hash-join in auto mode

_smm_bound overwrites memory manager automatically computed bound

_smm_control provides controls on the memory manager

_smm_max_size maximum work area size in auto mode (serial)

_smm_min_size minimum work area size in auto mode

_smm_px_max_size maximum work area size in auto mode (global)

_smm_trace Turn on/off tracing for SQL memory manager

_smon_consume_post consume any extra posts after completion of transaction recovery

_smon_internal_errlimit limit of SMON internal errors

_smu_debug_mode <debug-flag> - set debug event for testing SMU operations

_smu_error_simulation_site site ID of error simulation in KTU code

_smu_error_simulation_type error type for error simulation in KTU code

_sort_elimination_cost_ratio cost ratio for sort eimination under first_rows mode

_sort_multiblock_read_count multi-block read count for sort

_sort_space_for_write_buffers tenths of sort_area_size devoted to direct write buffers

_sortmerge_inequality_join_off turns off sort-merge join on inequality

_spin_count Amount to spin waiting for a latch

_sql_connect_capability_override SQL Connect Capability Table Override

_sql_connect_capability_table SQL Connect Capability Table (testing only)

_sqlexec_progression_cost sql execution progression monitoring cost threshold

_subquery_pruning_cost_factor subquery pruning cost factor

_subquery_pruning_enabled enable the use of subquery predicates to perform pruning

_subquery_pruning_mv_enabled enable the use of subquery predicates with MVs to perform prunin

_subquery_pruning_reduction subquery pruning reduction factor

_system_index_caching optimizer percent system index caching

_system_trig_enabled are system triggers enabled

_table_lookup_prefetch_size table lookup prefetch vector size

_table_lookup_prefetch_thresh table lookup prefetch threshold

_table_scan_cost_plus_one bump estimated full table scan and index ffs cost by one

_temp_tran_block_threshold number of blocks for a dimension before we temp transform

_temp_tran_cache determines if temp table is created with cache option

_test_ksusigskip test the function ksusigskip

_test_param_1 test parmeter 1 - integer

_test_param_2 test parameter 2 - string

_test_param_3 test parameter 3 - string

_test_param_4 test parameter 4 - string list

_test_param_5 test parmeter 5 - deprecated integer

_test_param_6 test parmeter 6 - size (ub8)

_third_spare_parameter third spare parameter - integer

_tq_dump_period time period for duping of TQ statistics (s)

_trace_archive start DIAG process

_trace_buffer_flushes trace buffer flushes if otrace cacheIO event is set

_trace_buffer_gets trace kcb buffer gets if otrace cacheIO event is set

_trace_buffers trace buffer sizes per process

_trace_cr_buffer_creates trace cr buffer creates if otrace cacheIO event is set

_trace_events trace events enabled at startup

_trace_file_size maximum size of trace file (in number of trace records)

_trace_files_public Create publicly accessible trace files

_trace_flush_processes trace data archived by DIAG for these processes

_trace_multi_block_reads trace multi_block reads if otrace cacheIO event is set

_trace_options trace data flush options

_trace_pin_time trace how long a current pin is held

_trace_processes enable KST tracing in process

_transaction_recovery_servers max number of parallel recovery slaves that may be used

_tts_allow_nchar_mismatch allow plugging in a tablespace with a different national charact

_two_pass enable two-pass thread recovery

_two_pass_reverse_polish_enabled uses two-pass reverse polish alg. to generate canonical forms

_union_rewrite_for_gs expand queries with GSets into UNIONs for rewrite

_unnest_notexists_sq unnest NOT EXISTS subquery with one or more tables if possible

_unnest_subquery enables unnesting of correlated subqueries

_use_column_stats_for_function enable the use of column statistics for DDP functions

_use_ism Enable Shared Page Tables - ISM

_use_new_explain_plan if TRUE, use the AUTO size policy cost functions

_use_nosegment_indexes use nosegment indexes in explain plan

_use_realfree_heap use real-free based allocator for PGA memory

_use_seq_process_cache whether to use process local seq cache

_use_vector_post use vector post

_verify_undo_quota TRUE - verify consistency of undo quota statistics

_wait_for_sync wait for sync on commit MUST BE ALWAYS TRUE

_walk_insert_threshold maximum number of unusable blocks to walk across freelist

_watchpoint_on is the watchpointing feature turned on?

_write_clones write clones flag

_yield_check_interval interval to check whether actses should yield

active_instance_count number of active instances in the cluster database

aq_tm_processes number of AQ Time Managers to start

archive_lag_target Maximum number of seconds of redos the standby could lose

audit_sys_operations enable sys auditing

audit_trail enable system auditing

background_core_dump Core Size for Background Processes

background_dump_dest Detached process dump directory

backup_tape_io_slaves BACKUP Tape I/O slaves

bitmap_merge_area_size maximum memory allow for BITMAP MERGE

blank_trimming blank trimming semantics parameter

buffer_pool_keep Number of database blocks/latches in keep buffer pool

buffer_pool_recycle Number of database blocks/latches in recycle buffer pool

circuits max number of circuits

cluster_database if TRUE startup in cluster database mode

cluster_database_instances number of instances to use for sizing cluster db SGA structures

cluster_interconnects interconnects for RAC use

commit_point_strength Bias this node has toward not preparing in a two-phase commit

compatible Database will be completely compatible with this software versio

control_file_record_keep_time control file record keep time in days

control_files control file names list

core_dump_dest Core dump directory

cpu_count initial number of cpu's for this instance

create_bitmap_area_size size of create bitmap buffer for bitmap index

cursor_sharing cursor sharing mode

cursor_space_for_time use more memory in order to get faster execution

db_16k_cache_size Size of cache for 16K buffers

db_2k_cache_size Size of cache for 2K buffers

db_32k_cache_size Size of cache for 32K buffers

db_4k_cache_size Size of cache for 4K buffers

db_8k_cache_size Size of cache for 8K buffers

db_block_buffers Number of database blocks cached in memory

db_block_checking data and index block checking

db_block_checksum store checksum in db blocks and check during reads

db_block_size Size of database block in bytes

db_cache_advice Buffer cache sizing advisory

db_cache_size Size of DEFAULT buffer pool for standard block size buffers

db_create_file_dest default database location

db_create_online_log_dest_1 online log/controlfile destination #1

db_create_online_log_dest_2 online log/controlfile destination #2

db_create_online_log_dest_3 online log/controlfile destination #3

db_create_online_log_dest_4 online log/controlfile destination #4

db_create_online_log_dest_5 online log/controlfile destination #5

db_domain directory part of global database name stored with CREATE DATABA

db_file_multiblock_read_count db block to be read each IO

db_file_name_convert datafile name convert patterns and strings for standby/clone db

db_files max allowable # db files

db_keep_cache_size Size of KEEP buffer pool for standard block size buffers

db_name database name specified in CREATE DATABASE

db_recycle_cache_size Size of RECYCLE buffer pool for standard block size buffers

db_writer_processes number of background database writer processes to start

dblink_encrypt_login enforce password for distributed login always be encrypted

dbwr_io_slaves DBWR I/O slaves

dg_broker_config_file1 data guard broker configuration file #1

dg_broker_config_file2 data guard broker configuration file #2

dg_broker_start start Data Guard broker framework (DMON process)

disk_asynch_io Use asynch I/O for random access devices

dispatchers specifications of dispatchers

distributed_lock_timeout number of seconds a distributed transaction waits for a lock

dml_locks dml locks - one for each table modified in a transaction

drs_start start DG Broker monitor (DMON process)

enqueue_resources resources for enqueues

event debug event control - default null string

fal_client FAL client

fal_server FAL server list

fast_start_io_target Upper bound on recovery reads

fast_start_mttr_target MTTR target of forward crash recovery in seconds

fast_start_parallel_rollback max number of parallel recovery slaves that may be used

file_mapping enable file mapping

filesystemio_options IO operations on filesystem files

fixed_date fixed SYSDATE value

gc_files_to_locks mapping between file numbers and global cache locks (DFS)

global_context_pool_size Global Application Context Pool Size in Bytes

global_names enforce that database links have same name as remote database

hash_area_size size of in-memory hash work area

hash_join_enabled enable/disable hash join

hi_shared_memory_address SGA starting address (high order 32-bits on 64-bit platforms)

hs_autoregister enable automatic server DD updates in HS agent self-registration

ifile include file in init.ora

instance_groups list of instance group names

instance_name instance name supported by the instance

instance_number instance number

java_max_sessionspace_size max allowed size in bytes of a Java sessionspace

java_pool_size size in bytes of the Java pool

java_soft_sessionspace_limit warning limit on size in bytes of a Java sessionspace

job_queue_processes number of job queue slave processes

large_pool_size size in bytes of the large allocation pool

license_max_sessions maximum number of non-system user sessions allowed

license_max_users maximum number of named users that can be created in the databas

license_sessions_warning warning level for number of non-system user sessions

local_listener local listener

lock_name_space lock name space used for generating lock names for standby/clone

lock_sga Lock entire SGA in physical memory

log_archive_dest archival destination text string

log_archive_dest_1 archival destination #1 text string

log_archive_dest_10 archival destination #10 text string

log_archive_dest_2 archival destination #2 text string

log_archive_dest_3 archival destination #3 text string

log_archive_dest_4 archival destination #4 text string

log_archive_dest_5 archival destination #5 text string

log_archive_dest_6 archival destination #6 text string

log_archive_dest_7 archival destination #7 text string

log_archive_dest_8 archival destination #8 text string

log_archive_dest_9 archival destination #9 text string

log_archive_dest_state_1 archival destination #1 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_10 archival destination #10 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_2 archival destination #2 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_3 archival destination #3 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_4 archival destination #4 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_5 archival destination #5 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_6 archival destination #6 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_7 archival destination #7 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_8 archival destination #8 state text string

log_archive_dest_state_9 archival destination #9 state text string

log_archive_duplex_dest duplex archival destination text string

log_archive_format archival destination format

log_archive_max_processes maximum number of active ARCH processes

log_archive_min_succeed_dest minimum number of archive destinations that must succeed

log_archive_start start archival process on SGA initialization

log_archive_trace Establish archivelog operation tracing level

log_buffer redo circular buffer size

log_checkpoint_interval # redo blocks checkpoint threshold

log_checkpoint_timeout Maximum time interval between checkpoints in seconds

log_checkpoints_to_alert log checkpoint begin/end to alert file

log_file_name_convert logfile name convert patterns and strings for standby/clone db

log_parallelism Number of log buffer strands

logmnr_max_persistent_sessions maximum number of threads to mine

max_commit_propagation_delay Max age of new snapshot in .01 seconds

max_dispatchers max number of dispatchers

max_dump_file_size Maximum size (blocks) of dump file

max_enabled_roles max number of roles a user can have enabled

max_rollback_segments max. number of rollback segments in SGA cache

max_shared_servers max number of shared servers

mts_circuits max number of circuits

mts_dispatchers specifications of dispatchers

mts_listener_address address(es) of network listener

mts_max_dispatchers max number of dispatchers

mts_max_servers max number of shared servers

mts_multiple_listeners Are multiple listeners enabled?

mts_servers number of shared servers to start up

mts_service service supported by dispatchers

mts_sessions max number of shared server sessions

nls_calendar NLS calendar system name

nls_comp NLS comparison

nls_currency NLS local currency symbol

nls_date_format NLS Oracle date format

nls_date_language NLS date language name

nls_dual_currency Dual currency symbol

nls_iso_currency NLS ISO currency territory name

nls_language NLS language name

nls_length_semantics create columns using byte or char semantics by default

nls_nchar_conv_excp NLS raise an exception instead of allowing implicit conversion

nls_numeric_characters NLS numeric characters

nls_sort NLS linguistic definition name

nls_territory NLS territory name

nls_time_format time format

nls_time_tz_format time with timezone format

nls_timestamp_format time stamp format

nls_timestamp_tz_format timestampe with timezone format

object_cache_max_size_percent percentage of maximum size over optimal of the user session's ob

object_cache_optimal_size optimal size of the user session's object cache in bytes

olap_page_pool_size size of the olap page pool in bytes

open_cursors max # cursors per session

open_links max # open links per session

open_links_per_instance max # open links per instance

optimizer_dynamic_sampling optimizer dynamic sampling

optimizer_features_enable optimizer plan compatibility parameter

optimizer_index_caching optimizer percent index caching

optimizer_index_cost_adj optimizer index cost adjustment

optimizer_max_permutations optimizer maximum join permutations per query block

optimizer_mode optimizer mode

oracle_trace_collection_name Oracle TRACE default collection name

oracle_trace_collection_path Oracle TRACE collection path

oracle_trace_collection_size Oracle TRACE collection file max. size

oracle_trace_enable Oracle Trace enabled/disabled

oracle_trace_facility_name Oracle TRACE default facility name

oracle_trace_facility_path Oracle TRACE facility path

os_authent_prefix prefix for auto-logon accounts

os_roles retrieve roles from the operating system

parallel_adaptive_multi_user enable adaptive setting of degree for multiple user streams

parallel_automatic_tuning enable intelligent defaults for parallel execution parameters

parallel_execution_message_size message buffer size for parallel execution

parallel_instance_group instance group to use for all parallel operations

parallel_max_servers maximum parallel query servers per instance

parallel_min_percent minimum percent of threads required for parallel query

parallel_min_servers minimum parallel query servers per instance

parallel_server if TRUE startup in parallel server mode

parallel_server_instances number of instances to use for sizing OPS SGA structures

parallel_threads_per_cpu number of parallel execution threads per CPU

partition_view_enabled enable/disable partitioned views

pga_aggregate_target Target size for the aggregate PGA memory consumed by the instanc

plsql_compiler_flags PL/SQL compiler flags

plsql_native_c_compiler plsql native C compiler

plsql_native_library_dir plsql native library dir

plsql_native_library_subdir_count plsql native library number of subdirectories

plsql_native_linker plsql native linker

plsql_native_make_file_name plsql native compilation make file

plsql_native_make_utility plsql native compilation make utility

plsql_v2_compatibility PL/SQL version 2.x compatibility flag

pre_page_sga pre-page sga for process

processes user processes

query_rewrite_enabled allow rewrite of queries using materialized views if enabled

query_rewrite_integrity perform rewrite using materialized views with desired integrity

rdbms_server_dn RDBMS's Distinguished Name

read_only_open_delayed if TRUE delay opening of read only files until first access

recovery_parallelism number of server processes to use for parallel recovery

remote_archive_enable remote archival enable setting

remote_dependencies_mode remote-procedure-call dependencies mode parameter

remote_listener remote listener

remote_login_passwordfile password file usage parameter

remote_os_authent allow non-secure remote clients to use auto-logon accounts

remote_os_roles allow non-secure remote clients to use os roles

replication_dependency_tracking tracking dependency for Replication parallel propagation

resource_limit master switch for resource limit

resource_manager_plan resource mgr top plan

rollback_segments undo segment list

row_locking row-locking

serial_reuse reuse the frame segments

serializable serializable

service_names service names supported by the instance

session_cached_cursors number of cursors to save in the session cursor cache

session_max_open_files maximum number of open files allowed per session

sessions user and system sessions

sga_max_size max total SGA size

shadow_core_dump Core Size for Shadow Processes

shared_memory_address SGA starting address (low order 32-bits on 64-bit platforms)

shared_pool_reserved_size size in bytes of reserved area of shared pool

shared_pool_size size in bytes of shared pool

shared_server_sessions max number of shared server sessions

shared_servers number of shared servers to start up

sort_area_retained_size size of in-memory sort work area retained between fetch calls

sort_area_size size of in-memory sort work area

spfile server parameter file

sql92_security require select privilege for searched update/delete

sql_trace enable SQL trace

sql_version sql language version parameter for compatibility issues

standby_archive_dest standby database archivelog destination text string

standby_file_management if auto then files are created/dropped automatically on standby

star_transformation_enabled enable the use of star transformation

statistics_level statistics level

tape_asynch_io Use asynch I/O requests for tape devices

thread Redo thread to mount

timed_os_statistics internal os statistic gathering interval in seconds

timed_statistics maintain internal timing statistics

trace_enabled enable KST tracing

tracefile_identifier trace file custom identifier

transaction_auditing transaction auditing records generated in the redo log

transactions max. number of concurrent active transactions

transactions_per_rollback_segment number of active transactions per rollback segment

undo_management instance runs in SMU mode if TRUE, else in RBU mode

undo_retention undo retention in seconds

undo_suppress_errors Suppress RBU errors in SMU mode

undo_tablespace use/switch undo tablespace

use_indirect_data_buffers Enable indirect data buffers (very large SGA on 32-bit platforms

user_dump_dest User process dump directory

utl_file_dir utl_file accessible directories list

workarea_size_policy policy used to size SQL working areas (MANUAL/AUTO)

NAME	DESCRIPTION
O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY	Version 7 Dictionary Accessibility Support
_NUMA_instance_mapping	Set of nodes that this instance should run on
_NUMA_pool_size	aggregate size in bytes of NUMA pool
_PX_use_large_pool	Use Large Pool as source of PX buffers
_abort_recovery_on_join	if TRUE, abort recovery on join reconfigurations
_active_standby_fast_reconfiguration	if TRUE optimize dlm reconfiguration for active/standby OPS
_adaptive_direct_read	Adaptive Direct Read
_adaptive_fetch_enabled	enable/disable adaptive fetch in parallel group by
_affinity_on	enable/disable affinity at run time
_all_shared_dblinks	treat all dblinks as shared
_allocate_creation_order	should files be examined in creation order during allocation
_allocation_update_interval	interval at which successful search in L1 should be updated
_allow_error_simulation	Allow error simulation for testing
_allow_read_only_corruption	allow read-only open even if database is corrupt
_allow_resetlogs_corruption	allow resetlogs even if it will cause corruption
_allow_terminal_recovery_corruption	Finish terminal recovery even if it may cause corruption
_always_anti_join	always use this method for anti-join when possible
_always_semi_join	always use this method for semi-join when possible
_always_star_transformation	always favor use of star transformation
_app_ctx_vers	enable app ctx versioning
_aq_tm_scanlimit	scan limit for Time Managers to clean up IOT
_arch_io_slaves	ARCH I/O slaves
_async_recovery_claims	if TRUE, issue recovery claims asynchronously (DFS)
_async_recovery_reads	if TRUE, issue recovery reads asynchronously (DFS)
_avoid_prepare	if TRUE, do not prepare a buffer when the master is local (DFS)
_b_tree_bitmap_plans	enable the use of bitmap plans for tables w. only B-tree indexes
_backup_disk_io_slaves	BACKUP Disk I/O slaves
_backup_io_pool_size	memory to reserve from the large pool
_bitmap_or_improvement_enabled	controls extensions to partition pruning for general predicates
_bump_highwater_mark_count	how many blocks should we allocate per free list on advancing HW
_bwr_for_flushed_pi	if TRUE, generate a BWR for a flushed PI (DFS)
_cgs_send_timeout	CGS send timeout value
_check_block_after_checksum	perform block check after checksum if both are turned on
_cleanup_rollback_entries	no. of undo entries to apply per transaction cleanup
_close_cached_open_cursors	close cursors cached by PL/SQL at each commit
_collect_undo_stats	Collect Statistics v$undostat
_column_elimination_off	turn off predicate-only column elimination
_column_tracking_level	column usage tracking
_compatible_no_recovery	Database will be compatible unless crash or media recovery is ne
_complex_view_merging	enable complex view merging
_controlfile_enqueue_timeout	control file enqueue timeout in seconds
_corrupted_rollback_segments	corrupted undo segment list
_cost_equality_semi_join	enables costing of equality semi-join
_cpu_count	current number of cpu's for this instance
_cpu_to_io	divisor for converting CPU cost to I/O cost
_cr_grant_global_role	if TRUE, grant lock for CR requests when block is in global role
_cr_grant_local_role	if TRUE, grant lock for CR using 3way ping when block in local r
_cr_server_log_flush	if TRUE, flush redo log before serving a CR buffer (DFS)
_cursor_db_buffers_pinned	additional number of buffers a cursor can pin at once
_cursor_plan_enabled	enable collection and display of cursor plans
_db_aging_cool_count	Touch count set when buffer cooled
_db_aging_freeze_cr	Make CR buffers always be too cold to keep in cache
_db_aging_hot_criteria	Touch count which sends a buffer to head of replacement list
_db_aging_stay_count	Touch count set when buffer moved to head of replacement list
_db_aging_touch_time	Touch count which sends a buffer to head of replacement list
_db_always_check_system_ts	Always perform block check and checksum for System tablespace
_db_block_buffers	Number of database blocks cached in memory: hidden parameter
_db_block_cache_clone	Always clone data blocks on get (for debugging)
_db_block_cache_num_umap	number of unmapped buffers (for tracking swap calls on blocks)
_db_block_cache_protect	protect database blocks (true only when debugging)
_db_block_check_for_debug	Check more and dump block before image for debugging
_db_block_granule_interval	number of lru latches
_db_block_hash_buckets	Number of database block hash buckets
_db_block_hash_latches	Number of database block hash latches
_db_block_hi_priority_batch_size	Fraction of writes for high priority reasons
_db_block_lru_latches	number of lru latches
_db_block_max_cr_dba	Maximum Allowed Number of CR buffers per dba
_db_block_max_dirty_target	Upper bound on modified buffers/recovery reads
_db_block_max_scan_pct	Percentage of buffers to inspect when looking for free
_db_block_med_priority_batch_size	Fraction of writes for medium priority reasons
_db_block_numa	Number of NUMA nodes
_db_block_prefetch_quota	Prefetch quota as a percent of cache size
_db_block_trace_protect	trace buffer protect calls
_db_cache_advice_batch_size	cache advisory simulation batch size
_db_cache_advice_sample_factor	cache advisory sampling factor
_db_file_direct_io_count	Sequential I/O buf size
_db_file_noncontig_mblock_read_count	number of noncontiguous db blocks to be prefetched
_db_handles	System-wide simultaneous buffer operations
_db_handles_cached	Buffer handles cached each process
_db_large_dirty_queue	Number of buffers which force dirty queue to be written
_db_mttr_advice	MTTR advisory
_db_mttr_partitions	number of partitions for MTTR advisory
_db_mttr_sample_factor	MTTR simulation sampling factor
_db_mttr_sim_target	MTTR simulation targets
_db_mttr_sim_trace_size	MTTR simulation trace size
_db_mttr_trace_to_alert	dump trace entries to alert file
_db_percent_hot_default	Percent of default buffer pool considered hot
_db_percent_hot_keep	Percent of keep buffer pool considered hot
_db_percent_hot_recycle	Percent of recycle buffer pool considered hot
_db_writer_chunk_writes	Number of writes DBWR should wait for
_db_writer_histogram_statistics	maintain dbwr histogram statistics in x$kcbbhs
_db_writer_max_writes	Max number of outstanding DB Writer IOs
_db_writer_scan_depth_pct	Percentage of LRU buffers for dbwr to scan when looking for dirt
_dbg_proc_startup	debug process startup
_dbwr_async_io	Enable dbwriter asynchronous writes
_dbwr_scan_interval	dbwriter scan interval
_dbwr_tracing	Enable dbwriter tracing
_default_non_equality_sel_check	sanity check on default selectivity for like/range predicate
_defer_multiple_waiters	if TRUE, defer down converts when there were waiters (DFS)
_diag_daemon	start DIAG daemon
_disable_file_locks	disable file locks for control, data, redo log files
_disable_incremental_checkpoints	Disable incremental checkpoints for thread recovery
_disable_kcbhxor_osd	disable kcbh(c)xor OSD functionality
_disable_latch_free_SCN_writes_via_32cas	disable latch-free SCN writes using 32-bit compare & swap
_disable_latch_free_SCN_writes_via_64cas	disable latch-free SCN writes using 64-bit compare & swap
_disable_logging	Disable logging
_disable_multiple_block_sizes	disable multiple block size support (for debugging)
_disable_ntlog_events	Disable logging to NT event log
_disable_odm	disable odm feature
_disable_recoverable_recovery	Disable the new recoverable recovery mechanism
_disable_system_state	disable system state dump
_discrete_transactions_enabled	enable OLTP mode
_dispatcher_rate_scale	scale to display rate statistic (100ths of a second)
_dispatcher_rate_ttl	time-to-live for rate statistic (100ths of a second)
_distributed_recovery_connection_hold_time	number of seconds RECO holds outbound connections open
_dlmtrace	Trace string of lock types(s)
_domain_index_batch_size	maximum number of rows from one call to domain index fetch routi
_domain_index_dml_batch_size	maximum number of rows for one call to domain index dml routines
_dss_cache_flush	enable full cache flush for parallel execution
_dump_MTTR_to_trace	Dump High Availability MTTR infromation to CKPT trace file
_dump_system_state_scope	scope of sysstate dump during instance termination
_dynamic_rls_policies	rls policies are dynamic
_dynamic_stats_threshold	delay threshold (in seconds) between sending statistics messages
_eliminate_common_subexpr	enables elimination of common sub-expressions
_enable_NUMA_optimization	Enable NUMA specific optimizations
_enable_block_level_transaction_recovery	enable block level recovery
_enable_cscn_caching	enable commit SCN caching for all transactions
_enable_default_affinity	to enable default implementation of affinity osds
_enable_kgh_policy	temporary to disable/enable kgh policy
_enable_list_io	Enable List I/O
_enable_multitable_sampling	enable multitable sampling
_enable_type_dep_selectivity	enable type dependent selectivity estimates
_enqueue_debug_multi_instance	debug enqueue multi instance
_enqueue_hash	enqueue hash table length
_enqueue_hash_chain_latches	enqueue hash chain latches
_enqueue_locks	locks for managed enqueues
_explain_rewrite_mode	allow additional messages to be generated during explain rewrite
_fairness_threshold	number of times to CR serve before downgrading lock (DFS)
_fast_full_scan_enabled	enable/disable index fast full scan
_fifth_spare_parameter	fifth spare parameter - string
_first_spare_parameter	first spare parameter - integer
_force_datefold_trunc	force use of trunc for datefolding rewrite
_force_temptables_for_gsets	executes concatenation of rollups using temp tables
_fourth_spare_parameter	fourth spare parameter - string
_full_pwise_join_enabled	enable full partition-wise join when TRUE
_gby_onekey_enabled	enable use of one comparison of all group by keys
_gc_defer_time	how long to defer down converts for hot buffers (DFS)
_gc_integrity_checks	if TRUE, enable expensive integrity checks (DFS)
_gc_latches	number of latches per LMS process (DFS)
_gcs_fast_reconfig	if TRUE, enable fast reconfiguration for gcs locks
_gcs_latches	number of gcs resource hash latches to be allocated
_gcs_resources	number of gcs resources to be allocated
_generalized_pruning_enabled	controls extensions to partition pruning for general predicates
_groupby_nopushdown_cut_ratio	groupby nopushdown cut ratio
_groupby_orderby_combine	groupby/orderby don't combine threshold
_gs_anti_semi_join_allowed	enable anti/semi join for the GS query
_hard_protection	if TRUE enable H.A.R.D specific format changes
_hash_multiblock_io_count	number of blocks hash join will read/write at once
_high_server_threshold	high server thresholds
_idl_conventional_index_maintenance	enable conventional index maintenance for insert direct load
_ignore_desc_in_index	ignore DESC in indexes, sort those columns ascending anyhow
_improved_outerjoin_card	improved outer-join cardinality calculation
_improved_row_length_enabled	enable the improvements for computing the average row length
_imr_active	Activate Instance Membership Recovery feature
_imr_max_reconfig_delay	Maximum Reconfiguration delay (seconds)
_imr_splitbrain_res_wait	Maximum wait for split-brain resolution (seconds)
_index_join_enabled	enable the use of index joins
_index_prefetch_factor	index prefetching factor
_init_sql_file	File containing SQL statements to execute upon database creation
_insert_enable_hwm_brokered	during parallel inserts high water marks are brokered
_inst_locking_period	period an instance can retain a newly acquired level1 bitmap
_instance_type	type of instance to be executed
_interconnect_checksum	if TRUE, checksum interconnect blocks (DFS)
_intrapart_pdml_enabled	Enable intra-partition updates/deletes
_io_slaves_disabled	Do not use I/O slaves
_ioslave_batch_count	Per attempt IOs picked
_ioslave_issue_count	IOs issued before completion check
_job_queue_interval	Wakeup interval in seconds for job queue co-ordinator
_kcl_commit	if TRUE, call kjbcommit (DFS)
_kcl_conservative_log_flush	if TRUE, conservatively log flush before CR serving (DFS)
_kcl_debug	if TRUE, record le history (DFS)
_kcl_index_split	if TRUE, reject pings on blocks in middle of a split (DFS)
_kcl_local_file_time	how often to check for local files (DFS)
_kcl_name_table_latches	number of name table latches (DFS)
_kcl_recovery_read_batch	recovery read batch size (DFS)
_kcl_undo_grouping	grouping for undo block locks (DFS)
_kcl_undo_locks	number of locks per undo segment (DFS)
_kcl_use_cr	if TRUE, use Fusion CR buffers (DFS)
_kdbl_enable_post_allocation	allocate dbas after populating data buffers
_keep_recovery_buffers	if TRUE, make recovery buffers current (DFS)
_keep_remote_column_size	remote column size does not get modified
_kghdsidx_count	max kghdsidx count
_kgl_bucket_count	index to the bucket count array
_kgl_latch_count	number of library cache latches
_kgl_multi_instance_invalidation	whether KGL to support multi-instance invalidations
_kgl_multi_instance_lock	whether KGL to support multi-instance locks
_kgl_multi_instance_pin	whether KGL to support multi-instance pins
_kglsim_maxmem_percent	max percentage of shared pool size to be used for KGL advice
_kkfi_trace	trace expression substitution
_kolfuseslf	allow kolf to use slffopen
_ksdxw_cini_flg	ksdxw context initialization flag
_ksdxw_nbufs	ksdxw number of buffers in buffered mode
_ksdxw_num_pgw	number of watchpoints on a per-process basis
_ksdxw_num_sgw	number of watchpoints to be shared by all processes
_ksdxw_stack_depth	number of PCs to collect in the stack when watchpoint is hit
_ksi_trace	KSI trace string of lock type(s)
_ksmg_granule_locking_status	granule locking status
_ksmg_granule_size	granule size in bytes
_ksu_diag_kill_time	number of seconds ksuitm waits before killing diag
_ktc_latches	number of ktc latches
_ktu_latches	number of KTU latches
_large_pool_min_alloc	minimum allocation size in bytes for the large allocation pool
_last_allocation_period	period over which an instance can retain an active level1 bitmap
_latch_class_0	latch class 0
_latch_class_1	latch class 1
_latch_class_2	latch class 2
_latch_class_3	latch class 3
_latch_class_4	latch class 4
_latch_class_5	latch class 5
_latch_class_6	latch class 6
_latch_class_7	latch class 7
_latch_classes	latch classes override
_latch_miss_stat_sid	Sid of process for which to collect latch stats
_latch_recovery_alignment	align latch recovery structures
_ldr_io_size	size of write IOs used during a load operation
_left_nested_loops_random	enable random distribution method for left of nestedloops
_lgwr_async_io	LGWR Asynchronous IO enabling boolean flag
_lgwr_delay_write	LGWR write delay for debugging
_lgwr_io_slaves	LGWR I/O slaves
_lgwr_max_ns_wt	Maximum wait time for lgwr to allow NetServer to progress
_lgwr_ns_nl_max	Variable to simulate network latency
_lgwr_ns_nl_min	Variable to simulate network latency
_lgwr_ns_sim_err	Variable to simulate errors lgwrns
_library_cache_advice	whether KGL advice should be turned on
_like_with_bind_as_equality	treat LIKE predicate with bind as an equality predicate
_lm_activate_lms_threshold	threshold value to activate an additional lms
_lm_cache_lvl0_cleanup	how often to cleanup level 0 cache res (in sec)
_lm_cache_res_cleanup	percentage of cached resources should be cleanup
_lm_cache_res_type	cache resource: string of lock types(s)
_lm_dd_interval	dd time interval in seconds
_lm_direct_sends	Processes which will do direct sends
_lm_drm_window	dynamic remastering bucket window size
_lm_dynamic_lms	dynamic lms invocation
_lm_dynamic_load	dynamic load adjustment
_lm_dynamic_remastering	if TRUE enables dynamic remastering
_lm_enq_lock_freelist	Number of ges enqueue element freelist
_lm_enq_rcfg	if TRUE enables enqueue reconfiguration
_lm_enqeue_freelist	Number of enqueue freelist
_lm_file_affinity	mapping between file id and master instance number
_lm_lmd_waittime	default wait time for lmd
_lm_lms	number of background global cache server processes to start
_lm_lms_waittime	default wait time for lms
_lm_locks	number of enqueues configured for cluster database
_lm_master_weight	master resource weight for this instance
_lm_max_lms	max. number of background global cache server processes
_lm_min_lms	min. number of background global cache server processes
_lm_msg_batch_size	GES batch message size
_lm_msg_cache_thresholds	GES message buffer caching threshold
_lm_msg_cleanup_interval	GES message buffer cleanup interval time
_lm_node_join_opt	cluster database node join optimization in reconfig
_lm_non_fault_tolerant	disable cluster database fault-tolerance mode
_lm_num_pcmhv_latches	number of latches covering the PCM HV buckets in cgs
_lm_proc_freeze_timeout	reconfiguration: process freeze timeout
_lm_process_batching	GES implicit process batching for IPC messages
_lm_procs	number of client processes configured for cluster database
_lm_rcfg_timeout	Reconfiguration timeout
_lm_rcv_buffer_size	the size of receive buffer
_lm_res_hash_bucket	number of resource hash buckets
_lm_res_part	number of resource partition configured for gcs
_lm_ress	number of resources configured for cluster database
_lm_send_buffers	number of cluster database send buffers
_lm_send_queue_batching	GES send queue message batching
_lm_send_queue_length	GES send queue maximum length
_lm_share_lock_opt	if TRUE enables share lock optimization
_lm_sq_batch_factor	GES send queue minimum batching factor
_lm_sync_timeout	Synchronization timeout for DLM reconfiguration steps
_lm_ticket_active_sendback	Flow control ticket active sendback threshold
_lm_tickets	GES messaging tickets
_lm_tx_delta	TX lock localization delta
_lm_validate_resource_type	if TRUE enables resource name validation
_lm_xids	number of transaction IDs configured for cluster database
_load_without_compile	Load PL/SQL or Database objects without compilation
_local_communication_costing_enabled	enable local communication costing when TRUE
_local_communication_ratio	set the ratio between global and local communication (0..100)
_lock_sga_areas	Lock specified areas of the SGA in physical memory
_log_archive_buffer_size	Size of each archival buffer in log file blocks
_log_archive_buffers	Number of buffers to allocate for archiving
_log_archive_callout	archival callout
_log_archive_delta_sync_wait	iterative sleep time in centiseconds seconds when SYNC=PARALLEL
_log_archive_net_timeout	maximum network wait time in seconds when SYNC=PARALLEL
_log_blocks_during_backup	log block images when changed during backup
_log_buffers_corrupt	corrupt redo buffers before write
_log_buffers_debug	debug redo buffers (slows things down)
_log_checkpoint_recovery_check	# redo blocks to verify after checkpoint
_log_committime_block_cleanout	Log commit-time block cleanout
_log_debug_multi_instance	debug redo multi instance code
_log_io_size	automatically initiate log write if this many redo blocks in buf
_log_simultaneous_copies	number of simultaneous copies into redo buffer(# of copy latches
_log_space_errors	should we report space errors to alert log
_log_switch_timeout	Maximum number of seconds redos in the current log could span
_low_server_threshold	low server thresholds
_master_direct_sends	direct sends for messages from master (DFS)
_mav_refresh_consistent_read	refresh materialized views using consistent read snapshot
_mav_refresh_double_count_prevented	materialized view MAV refreshes avoid double counting
_mav_refresh_opt	optimizations during refresh of materialized views
_mav_refresh_unionall_tables	# tables for union all expansion during materialized view refres
_max_exponential_sleep	max sleep during exponential backoff
_max_sleep_holding_latch	max time to sleep while holding a latch
_messages	message queue resources - dependent on # processes & # buffers
_minimal_stats_aggregation	prohibit stats aggregation at compile/partition maintenance time
_minimum_giga_scn	Minimum SCN to start with in 2^30 units
_multi_join_key_table_lookup	TRUE iff multi-join-key table lookup prefetch is enabled
_mv_refresh_delta_fraction	delta mv as fractional percentage of size of mv
_mv_refresh_eut	refresh materialized views using EUT(partition)-based algorithm
_mv_refresh_new_setup_disabled	materialized view MV refresh new setup disabling
_mv_refresh_selections	create materialized views with selections and fast refresh
_mv_refresh_use_stats	pass cardinality hints to refresh queries
_nchar_imp_cnv	NLS allow Implicit Conversion between CHAR and NCHAR
_ncmb_readahead_enabled	enable multi-block readahead for an index scan
_ncmb_readahead_tracing	turn on multi-block readahead tracing
_nested_loop_fudge	nested loop fudge
_nested_mav_fast_oncommit_enabled	nested MAV refresh fast on commit allowed
_new_initial_join_orders	enable initial join orders based on new ordering heuristics
_new_sort_cost_estimate	enables the use of new cost estimate for sort
_no_objects	no object features are used
_no_or_expansion	OR expansion during optimization disabled
_ns_max_flush_wt	Flush wait time for NetServer to flush oustanding writes
_num_longop_child_latches	number of child latches for long op array
_number_cached_attributes	maximum number of cached attributes per instance
_object_statistics	enable the object level statistics collection
_offline_rollback_segments	offline undo segment list
_ogms_home	GMS home directory
_olap_aggregate_buffer_size	OLAP Aggregate max buffer size
_olap_aggregate_child_fragment_size	OLAP Aggregate child fragment size
_olap_aggregate_child_max_size	OLAP Aggregate child list max size
_olap_aggregate_function_cache_enabled	OLAP Aggregate function cache enabler
_olap_aggregate_function_merge_threshold	OLAP Aggregate function merge threshold
_olap_aggregate_max_thread_tuples	OLAP Aggregate max thread tuples creation
_olap_aggregate_min_buffer_size	OLAP Aggregate min buffer size
_olap_aggregate_min_thread_status	OLAP Aggregate minimum cardinality of dimensions for thread
_olap_aggregate_statlen_thresh	OLAP Aggregate status array usage threshold
_olap_aggregate_store_probability	OLAP Aggregate function storeback probability
_olap_aggregate_work_per_thread	OLAP Aggregate max work parents
_olap_aggregate_worklist_max	OLAP Aggregate max worklists generated at once
_olap_allocate_errorlog_format	OLAP Allocate Errorlog Format
_olap_allocate_errorlog_header	OLAP Allocate Errorlog Header format
_olap_continuous_trace_file	Specify TRUE to enable continuous OLAP tracing - otherwise only
_olap_dimsave_restore_cache_values	OLAP Dimsave restores cached dimension values
_olap_eif_export_lob_size	OLAP EIF Export BLOB size
_olap_parallel_update_threshold	OLAP parallel update threshold in pages
_olap_poutlog_echo_to_eventlog	OLAP POutLog copy output to event log (tracefile)
_old_connect_by_enabled	enable/disable old connect by
_omf	enable/disable OMF
_oneside_colstat_for_equijoins	sanity check on default selectivity for like/range predicate
_open_files_limit	Limit on number of files opened by I/O subsystem
_optim_adjust_for_part_skews	adjust stats for skews across partitions
_optim_enhance_nnull_detection	TRUE to enable index [fast] full scan more often
_optim_new_default_join_sel	improves the way default equijoin selectivity are computed
_optim_peek_user_binds	enable peeking of user binds
_optimizer_adjust_for_nulls	adjust selectivity for null values
_optimizer_choose_permutation	force the optimizer to use the specified permutation
_optimizer_cost_model	optimizer cost model
_optimizer_degree	force the optimizer to use the same degree of parallelism
_optimizer_dyn_smp_blks	number of blocks for optimizer dynamic sampling
_optimizer_mode_force	force setting of optimizer mode for user recursive SQL also
_optimizer_new_join_card_computation	compute join cardinality using non-rounded input values
_optimizer_percent_parallel	optimizer percent parallel
_optimizer_search_limit	optimizer search limit
_optimizer_system_stats_usage	system statistics usage
_optimizer_undo_changes	undo changes to query optimizer
_optimizer_undo_cost_change	optimizer undo cost change
_or_expand_nvl_predicate	enable OR expanded plan for NVL/DECODE predicate
_oracle_trace_events	Oracle TRACE event flags
_oracle_trace_facility_version	Oracle TRACE facility version
_ordered_nested_loop	enable ordered nested loop costing
_ordered_semijoin	enable ordered semi-join subquery
_parallel_adaptive_max_users	maximum number of users running with default DOP
_parallel_broadcast_enabled	enable broadcasting of small inputs to hash and sort merge joins
_parallel_default_max_instances	default maximum number of instances for parallel query
_parallel_execution_message_align	Alignment of PX buffers to OS page boundary
_parallel_fake_class_pct	fake db-scheduler percent used for testing
_parallel_load_bal_unit	number of threads to allocate per instance
_parallel_load_balancing	parallel execution load balanced slave allocation
_parallel_min_message_pool	minimum size of shared pool memory to reserve for pq servers
_parallel_recovery_stopat	stop at -position- to step through SMON
_parallel_server_idle_time	idle time before parallel query server dies
_parallel_server_sleep_time	sleep time between dequeue timeouts (in 1/100ths)
_parallel_txn_global	enable parallel_txn hint with updates and deletes
_parallelism_cost_fudge_factor	set the parallelism cost fudge factor
_partial_pwise_join_enabled	enable partial partition-wise join when TRUE
_passwordfile_enqueue_timeout	password file enqueue timeout in seconds
_pcm_shadow_locks	number of pcm shadow locks to be allocated
_pct_refresh_double_count_prevented	materialized view PCT refreshes avoid double counting
_pdml_gim_sampling	control separation of global index maintenance for PDML
_pdml_gim_staggered	slaves start on different index when doing index maint
_pdml_slaves_diff_part	slaves start on different partition when doing index maint
_pga_max_size	Maximum size of the PGA memory for one process
_ping_level	fusion ping level (DFS)
_plsql_dump_buffer_events	conditions upon which the PL/SQL circular buffer is dumped
_pmon_load_constants	server load balancing constants (S,P,D,I,L,C,M)
_pre_rewrite_push_pred	push predicates into views before rewrite
_precompute_gid_values	precompute gid values and copy them before returning a row
_pred_move_around	enables predicate move-around
_predicate_elimination_enabled	allow predicate elimination if set to TRUE
_project_view_columns	enable projecting out unreferenced columns of a view
_push_join_predicate	enable pushing join predicate inside a view
_push_join_union_view	enable pushing join predicate inside a union view
_px_async_getgranule	asynchronous get granule in the slave
_px_broadcast_fudge_factor	set the tq broadcasting fudge factor percentage
_px_dynamic_opt	turn off/on restartable qerpx dynamic optimization
_px_dynamic_sample_size	num of samples for restartable qerpx dynamic optimization
_px_granule_size	default size of a rowid range granule (in KB)
_px_index_sampling	parallel query sampling for index create (100000 = 100%)
_px_kxib_tracing	turn on kxib tracing
_px_load_publish_interval	interval at which LMON will check whether to publish PX load
_px_max_granules_per_slave	maximum number of rowid range granules to generate per slave
_px_min_granules_per_slave	minimum number of rowid range granules to generate per slave
_px_no_stealing	prevent parallel granule stealing in shared nothing environment
_px_trace	px trace parameter
_query_cost_rewrite	perform the cost based rewrite with materialized views
_query_rewrite_1	perform query rewrite before&after or only before view merging
_query_rewrite_2	perform query rewrite before&after or only after view merging
_query_rewrite_drj	mv rewrite and drop redundant joins
_query_rewrite_expression	rewrite with cannonical form for expressions
_query_rewrite_fpc	mv rewrite fresh partition containment
_query_rewrite_fudge	cost based query rewrite with MVs fudge factor
_query_rewrite_jgmigrate	mv rewrite with jg migration
_query_rewrite_maxdisjunct	query rewrite max disjuncts
_query_rewrite_or_error	allow query rewrite, if referenced tables are not dataless
_query_rewrite_vop_cleanup	prune frocol chain before rewrite after view-merging
_realfree_heap_free_threshold	threshold for performing real-free, in Kbytes
_realfree_heap_max_size	minimum max total heap size, in Kbytes
_realfree_heap_mode	mode flags for real-free heap
_recovery_asserts	if TRUE, enable expensive recovery sanity checks (DFS)
_recovery_claim_batch_size	number of messages to batch in a recovery claim message (DFS)
_recovery_percentage	recovery buffer cache percentage
_release_insert_threshold	maximum number of unusable blocks to unlink from freelist
_reliable_block_sends	if TRUE, block sends across interconnect are reliable
_reuse_index_loop	number of blocks being examine for index block reuse
_rollback_segment_count	number of undo segments
_rollback_segment_initial	starting undo segment number
_row_cache_cursors	number of cached cursors for row cache management
_row_cr	enable row cr for all sql
_rowsource_execution_statistics	if TRUE, Oracle will collect rowsource level statistics
_scn_scheme	SCN scheme
_second_spare_parameter	second spare parameter - integer
_send_ast_to_foreground	if TRUE, send ast message to foreground
_send_close_with_block	if TRUE, send close with block even with direct sends
_send_requests_to_PI	if TRUE, try to send CR requests to PI buffers (DFS)
_serial_direct_read	enable direct read in serial
_session_idle_bit_latches	one latch per session or a latch per group of sessions
_seventh_spare_parameter	seventh spare parameter - string list
_shared_pool_reserved_min_alloc	minimum allocation size in bytes for reserved area of shared poo
_shared_pool_reserved_pct	percentage memory of the shared pool allocated for the reserved
_shrunk_aggs_disable_threshold	percentage of exceptions at which to switch to full length aggs
_shrunk_aggs_enabled	enable use of variable sized buffers for non-distinct aggregates
_side_channel_batch_size	number of messages to batch in a side channel message (DFS)
_side_channel_batch_timeout	timeout before shipping out all the batched side channel message
_single_process	run without detached processes
_sixth_spare_parameter	sixth spare parameter - string list
_skip_assume_msg	if TRUE, skip assume message for consigns at the master
_slave_mapping_enabled	enable slave mapping when TRUE
_slave_mapping_group_size	force the number of slave group in a slave mapper
_small_table_threshold	threshold level of table size for direct reads
_smm_advice_enabled	if TRUE, enable v$pga_advice
_smm_advice_log_size	overwrites default size of the PGA advice workarea history log
_smm_auto_cost_enabled	if TRUE, use the AUTO size policy cost functions
_smm_auto_max_io_size	Maximum IO size (in KB) used by sort/hash-join in auto mode
_smm_auto_min_io_size	Minimum IO size (in KB) used by sort/hash-join in auto mode
_smm_bound	overwrites memory manager automatically computed bound
_smm_control	provides controls on the memory manager
_smm_max_size	maximum work area size in auto mode (serial)
_smm_min_size	minimum work area size in auto mode
_smm_px_max_size	maximum work area size in auto mode (global)
_smm_trace	Turn on/off tracing for SQL memory manager
_smon_consume_post	consume any extra posts after completion of transaction recovery
_smon_internal_errlimit	limit of SMON internal errors
_smu_debug_mode	<debug-flag> - set debug event for testing SMU operations
_smu_error_simulation_site	site ID of error simulation in KTU code
_smu_error_simulation_type	error type for error simulation in KTU code
_sort_elimination_cost_ratio	cost ratio for sort eimination under first_rows mode
_sort_multiblock_read_count	multi-block read count for sort
_sort_space_for_write_buffers	tenths of sort_area_size devoted to direct write buffers
_sortmerge_inequality_join_off	turns off sort-merge join on inequality
_spin_count	Amount to spin waiting for a latch
_sql_connect_capability_override	SQL Connect Capability Table Override
_sql_connect_capability_table	SQL Connect Capability Table (testing only)
_sqlexec_progression_cost	sql execution progression monitoring cost threshold
_subquery_pruning_cost_factor	subquery pruning cost factor
_subquery_pruning_enabled	enable the use of subquery predicates to perform pruning
_subquery_pruning_mv_enabled	enable the use of subquery predicates with MVs to perform prunin
_subquery_pruning_reduction	subquery pruning reduction factor
_system_index_caching	optimizer percent system index caching
_system_trig_enabled	are system triggers enabled
_table_lookup_prefetch_size	table lookup prefetch vector size
_table_lookup_prefetch_thresh	table lookup prefetch threshold
_table_scan_cost_plus_one	bump estimated full table scan and index ffs cost by one
_temp_tran_block_threshold	number of blocks for a dimension before we temp transform
_temp_tran_cache	determines if temp table is created with cache option
_test_ksusigskip	test the function ksusigskip

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Initialisation Parameter List and Descriptons

Updated : 2-April-2003 Version : 2.0

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Updated : 2-April-2003
Version : 2.0